- He feels that traditional narrative analysis does not apply to music videos. Music videos have a different narrative structure, they are built around songs and often songs do not nit have the structure of normality-problem-resolution. The pop video uses the singer both as narrator and a character.
- Pop videos rely on repetition. Because the song has repeated choruses, there are repeated images in the videos. The repetition in songs (intertextuality) helps the audience to become familiar with the genre. Music videos can be played by different media such as on television, radio, advertising a film and even on TV tie in- this helps to make the song familiar to its audience.
- Pop videos must have an end. The song build to a climax then fades away or finishes.
- Sometimes videos help to promote a film or sometime videos provide a visual pleasure, which encourages repeated viewing and it therefore helps to promote the video and make sales.
- There are three types if relations between songs and videos.
Amplification- the videos introduce new meanings that do not go with the lyrics but add some meaning
Disjuncture- there is little connection between the video and the lyrics.
- He also says that pop videos consist of features that one can recognise easily. This may be a signature move of an artist of something that helps the audience identify the artist. In some genres such as heavy metal and hip hop, women are portrayed as sex objects and some female artists deliberately present themselves to males but look passive through the direct eye contact at the camera.
- Some videos show different instruments portrayed as different objects.
- Videos also try to appeal to as large of an audience as possible. e.g Videos of old bands often show them in their younger years.
- Videos that are written for a particular films often include shots and images from the film itself in the video.
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